Expected+Outcomes+on+Immortal+cells

It is currently evident that ectopic expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and "encoding of the catalytic subunits of human telomerase," can enhance the life-span of human cells without instigating "cellular transformation and genomic instability." [2] It is now possible to extend the life-span of fibroblasts in normal human skin derived from patients with genomic instability syndromes and/or premature aging. [2]
 * Current studies in generating immortal cells for longer life spans:**

Given that immortal cells have a very long lifetime and multiply rapidly if favorable conditions are provided in the culturing media, they are useful in current and future scientific research. [2][4] The most viable future outcomes of immortal cells research include production of effective anti-telomerase drugs for cancer therapy and retarding human aging. [1] Future discovery of effectual anti-aging agents will be an added advantage to individuals prone to age-related diseases or disorders, such as ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, primary hypertension, arthritis, and arthrosis, which are prevalent in adults and the elderly. [1] Other important applications of immortal cells is the immortalisation of chondrcytic cells, which are capable of repairing damaged knee and osteoprogenitor cells. [3] It is also possible to enhance the immune cells for HIV individuals, through tissue cell cultures in combination with gene therapies. [3]
 * Expected outcomes of future research on immortal cells:**

By YongMin KIM //Last edited 11/11/2011//


 * References:**

[1] emcell.com. (2011). //Anti-Aging treatment//. Available: []. [2011, 5/11/2011].

[2] Ouellette, M. M., Mcdaniel, L. D., Wright, W. E., Shay, J. W., & Schultz, R. A. (2000). The establishment of telomerase-immortalized cell lines representing human chromosome instability syndromes. //Hum. Mol. Genet//., Vol. 9 (3): 403-411.

[3] Sharma, H. W., Sokoloski, J. A., Perez, J. R., Maltese, Y., Sartorelli, A. C., Stein, C. A.,et al. (1995). Differentiation of immortal cells inhibits telomerase activity. //Proc. Natl. Acad.// //Sci. USA 92//, Vol. 92 pp. 12343-12346.

[4] Shay, J. W. (2001). //Immortalizing Human Cells with Telomerase//. Available: []. [2011, 5/11/2011].